Intruding Ima and Falsified Report Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Barging in Ima and Falsified Report - Case Study Example Police power is urgent in any majority rule framework for keeping up peace. As such they ought to have high moral gauges. Cops are accused of the obligation of advancing the privileges of residents and yet limiting the privilege of individuals who are a danger to the general great of the general public. In their everyday practice, they are now and again constrained to speak to drive when a circumstance calls for it. Purposeful ruthless treatment of wrongdoers with respect to the officials is anyway a wrongdoing. To keep the trust of general society, unfortunate activities on the pieces of police ought to be managed in a worthy manner. Any official given the obligation to serve people in general should make a vow of office and cling to the set a code of morals. The vast majority comprehend the significance of the police power in law requirement and their job in looking after request. As such they will help out the police so as to live in a protected situation (Peak, 2001). Unfortunate activities from cops debilitate the connection between the police and the individuals making them free trust on the power. In this paper, the contextual investigation of Intruding Ima and distorted report and how such instances of unfortunate behavior and disobedience can be treated by the police organization and a defense of the technique utilized is brought to the front. Synopsis of the contextual investigation The contextual investigation given in this book is about Officer Ima Goodenough who has been a representative in the power for a long time. She is an official responsible for benefactor and on occasion fills in as field preparing official. She has shown incredible ability and is knowledgeable about criminologist division and watch. She names herself just like a â€Å"old school† and just connected with partners who share her assessments while getting some distance from different officials with differentiating sees. When called for administration, she takes them with out any help without requesting back up or spread units. She has indicated steady harsh treatment in her contact people in general with around six instances of severity protest propelled against her inside the most recent three years. As per her, kin who request reinforcement are â€Å"wimps†. As of late, she was occupied with two-fast interest when her vehicle was truly crushed when she attempted to pursue the suspects off the street. She just reports to her manager about significant cases. New managers have revealed having serious issue with her as she shows no regard for their position. As indicated by her, the organization is only there to destroy individuals. Being her day of work administrator I am tired of her constant negative disposition and dissatisfactory execution and I am thinking about taking disciplinary moves. I have been made to comprehend that she is extremely intense making a portion of her current and past and current bosses fear her. She has demonstrated instances of interruption and giving distorted reports on a few events. In one occasion, when she was on the lookout, she is accounted for to have reacted to a shooting call outside her locale. She radios her boss that she was helping and interrupts into a home where various officials and paramedics previously had the circumstance leveled out. She alters proof by holding a gun that she discovers lying on the floor. When gotten some information about a report about the occurrence, she forgets about the part where she meddles with the proof. Her document shows that her exhibition throughout the previous eight years have

The Role Of Audit Committees And Corporate Governance Accounting Essay

So as to better corporate organization, bookkeeping natural structures, advertise controllers and advisory groups has suggested the arrangement of review commissions. In 2001, after the inventive action of Douala stock trade ( DSX ) , the Cameroon capital market approval mentioned every recorded organization to set up review commissions. This study centers around the capacity of review commissions and corporate organization in Cameroon recorded companies.Particularly, how review commissions works in a creating monetary framework like Cameroon and how these examples can be contrasted and those in the western financial frameworks each piece great as other rising financial frameworks, the relationship of review commissions with course, inner and outer hearers.The significant achievements and difficulties standing up to review commissions. This study uncovered that AC in Cameroon are tested with inconsistent human asset limit, the mediation of the specialists and kiping investors each piece great the quick changing legitimate and runing condition. In any case, there has been a particular advancement on the constancy of financial portraying in this way vouching speculator ‘s affirmation. Catchphrases ; Audit commissions, corporate organization, Cameroon, recorded organizations, course, interior listener, outer listener, OHADA ( association for harmonization of concern law in Africa ) , CMA ( capital market approval ) , Decision devising.Table of ContentDeclaration Acknowledgment Rundown of Figures Rundown of Abbreviations Rundown of Tables AbstractionChapter 1 Introduction1.1 Introduction 1.2 Background 1.3 Motivation 1.4 The overview equitable and Questions 1.5 The overview run 1.6 The limitations .7 The study constructionChapter 2 Conceptual model2.0 - IntroductionSection A ; Corporate Administration2.1-The Definitions of Corporate Governance 2.2-The Background of Corporate Governance 2.3-Corporate Governance Code 2.4 Corporate Administration system 2.5 Corporate organization Environment 2.6 The Development of the build of Corporate GovernanceSection B ; Audit Committee2.7 The Operationss of Audit Committees 2.7.1-The Charter 2.7.2 Composition of the commission 2.7.3 - Qualification and Experience 2.7.4-Meetings and Reports 2.8-The Relationship between Audit Committees, the heading, inside listeners and outer listeners 2.9 The significant Accomplishments and Challenges standing up to Audit Committees. 2.10-Conclusion.Chapter 3 Theoretical Frameworks for Corporate organization and Audited accountCommittees3.1 debut 3.2 The Agency hypothesis 3.3 Evidence on battle of contribution among investors and executives 3.3.1 Conflict over Compensation 3.3.2 Conflict on variegation and riches decrease contributing 3.3 the Stewardship hypothesis 3.3.1 Summary of the theoriesChapter 44.1 Corporate Governance issues in creating states. ( Cameroon ) 4.2 The lawful and Regulatory model for Corporate organization of recorded organizations in Cameroon. 4.2.1The Role of Douala stock trade ( DSX ) 4..2.2-The Board of Directors 4..2.3 The Audit Committee 4.2.4-The Stockholders 4. 2.5.The Role of the Governance 4.3-The Actors of Corporate Governance ; Stockholders and Directors Section 5 Research Methodology 5.1 presentation 5.2 Questionnaire study 5.3 Administration of Questionnaires study 5.4 Responses of the poll study 5.5 Interview Survey 5.5 Administration of meeting studyChapter 66-Findings and Discussion 6.1-Operation of Audit Committees 6.2-Relationship of Audit commissions with bearing, inward and outside listeners 6.3-Accomplishments and ChallengesChapter 7, Conclusion, Refrences and AppendixChapter 1 Introduction1.1-IntroductionIn the previous two decennaries, there has been turning attendings on corporate organization remarkably after the corporate surrender of high overall gain organizations known to man like the Enron and WorldCom. Corporate organization is currently a first request issue to a great extent in quite a while where organizations are controlled by telling investors ( Albuquerue and Wang, 2008 ) and a major figure of organizations are trying to follow better corporate organization designs ( Garay and Gonzalez, 2008 ) .Traditionally, corporate organization is viewed as a mean by which organizations shield the open help of its moneymans, for example, its financial specialists, lenders and loaners. Today, with the present downturn and planetary monetary hurt, issue of corporate organization designs in organizations and the elements of various commissions are been examined. Review commission is going the most broadly utilized instrument to ensure great corporate organization in organizations ( Chen et al, 2008 ) .The review commission is a working commission of the organization ‘s leading group of chiefs that have some accident obligations, for example, the monetary inclusion, financial disclosure, outer listeners, inner inspecting each piece great as control. A decent figure corporate organization surveies has being done in evolved conditions of Europe, United territories of America and Japan ( Joshi and wakil,2004 ) .Very few surveies has being done and finished in less created countries.Tsamenyi, Enninful-Adu and Onumah ( 2007 ) sees that corporate organization surveies in less create states are constrained and are accessible just on single state balance. This study attempts to connect the spread in front study by including more in our trepidation of the activities of review commission and the significant achievements of review commissions in Cameroon. Moreover, old research in creating states did non tended to the issue on how review commissions relate with the bearing, inner listeners and outside hearers.In this overview, we try to make full in this spread by look intoing on how review commissions in Cameroon recorded organizations relate with the heading, interior listeners and outer hearers1.2 BackgroundJensen and Meckling ( 1976 ) characterized authority relationship as an agreement under which at least one people ( principals ) connects with another ( operator ) to apply a help for their benefit. Chiefs or specialists are being appointed the day by day assurance formulating by investors. Executives are thus accused of the obligations of using and ordering the house ‘s financial resources.However the chiefs may non move eve r to the investors best contribution because of foreboding decision and good risk ( Anthony and Govindarajan,2007 ; 531 ) . Consequently, investors needs to regulate executives exercises so as to ensure that they satisfy the commissariats of their agreements ( Goddard and Masters,2000 ) To stay away from bearing disappointments, Moldddoveanu and Martin ( 2001 ) contended that investors must appoint affirmation, checking each piece great as face ( wages and punishment ) systems. Moldoveanu and Martin ( 2001 ) characterized affirmation systems as the apparatuses utilized in formalizing the judgments of the operator, in giving finishing up veto for an endeavor, order or the activity program of the specialist. Observing systems ( both continuous and separate checking ) are use to distinguish, record and to mensurate the finished result of the operator ‘s endeavors. Moreover, favoring component give particular wagess/or punishments to specialists for/or for non alining their endeavors with investors points or investors contribution. A decent figure of corporate organization surveies has being done in evolved conditions of Europe, United territories of America and Japan ( Joshi and wakil,2004 ) .Very few surveies has being done and finished in less created states.Tsamenyi, Enninful-Adu and Onumah ( 2007 ) sees that corporate organization surveies in less create states are restricted and are accessible simply on single state footing.1.3 MotivationProper corporate organization is an extremely basic system to reproduce financial specialist ‘s affirmation, to develop the private division, and to energize monetary developing. It have been anticipated that â€Å" great organization of organizations will in the blink of an eye go as imperative to the universe monetary framework as legitimate organization of single states. † Some individuals may consider this to be too much right on time to hold, yet this expectation was recommended with grounds, if non obviously evident today, along these lines, is extremel y liable to be valid in the great beyond. The planetary acknowledgment of the effect of occasions sing corporate cultural flightiness ‘s, for example, the monetary emergencies in Asia, the corporate soils known to man high overall gain organizations like Enron and WorldCom and the financial emergency in most African states in the last decennary.All these cases adversely influenced the open help and the lives of numerous, for example, the representatives, the pensionaries, house ‘s leasers and loaners. These raised the squeezing interest for strong and proficient mandate of partnerships what's more prompted dread in commercial centers, and a decreasing in stock fiscal qualities. In most immature states, as in Africa, the affirmation of lost opportunities to assemble financial assets in local and universal capital markets by means of good corporate organization took the inclusion of most African Heads of State. This so propelled the African Heads of State to incorporate gr eat corporate organization as one of the four boss topical nations exposed to reevaluate under the African Peer Review Mechanism ( the APRM ) .The four chose nations incorporate, political organization and vote based system, monetary organization and bearing, financial turn of events, and great corporate organization. The interest to intently manage the activities of partnerships can be advocated by the undermentioned two grounds ; - The expanding inclusion of the speculators in creating states to place in recorded organizations. - The Potential augmentations or losingss that depend on great heading of partnerships can be monetarily gainful or financially annihilating1.4 Research point and QuestionsThe re

Ethics and Intervention Techniques Essay

Utilizing every one of the three e-Activities and concerning Intervention Techniques For Integrating Ethics Into Agency Operations in Denhardt, Chapter 4, select the two best of the 13 Intervention Techniques for Integrating Ethics into Agency Operations and shield your decisions. Denhardt clarifies that morals is a procedure by which we explain good and bad and follow up on what we take to be correct. Rather than having workers adhere to a specific arrangement of decides that administration is excluded from, Leaders need to carry on by guide to reset a moral culture. Therefore, I would consider moral qualities and character in enrollment to be the principal significant and powerful mediation procedures to be referenced. I would expect the executives to build up an announcement of the executives reasoning for the association (Denhardt) and a code of morals like the national government. In the enlistment of new representatives, I would coordinate a character evaluation for new candida tes that will give the business understanding into the veritable morals and respectability of the candidate before adding them to the association. For existing workers, I would also follow this mediation strategy with both consistence and honesty preparing and guiding. I would start by creating preparing programs as well as different gadgets for conveying those goals (Denhardt). Irregularly, during work, I would incorporate supplemental classes for all representatives, including the executives. It is basic for new and proceeding with representatives to close down with a mark that affirms they comprehend the arrangements put forward and consent to go along during their residency with the organization. Stillman’s Chapter 16 Case Study depicts the moral pressures that may go with authority in the open division. Examine the manners by which George Tenet was tested morally, and introduce and survey in any event two goals techniques he used to deal with these difficulties. Despite the fact that the objective of any firm ought to be to build its owners’ riches, to do so requires the public’s trust. At last that trust relies upon moral strategic approaches. George Tenet was portrayed from numerous points of view by spectators and friends. Stillman depicts Tenet as powerful and proficient. Be that as it may, a few staff members felt he would distort troublesome issues. During the Clinton organization, he buckled down that he had a cardiovascular failure during his term. Before Tenet joined the CIA, he was practically unpracticed which would be cause for concern in light of the fact that the CIA was in chaos. There was low confidence, high turnover, obsolete PC innovation and significant spending issues in light of the fact that there was no focal bookkeeping of assets spent. Fundamental quickly started to revamp. He endeavored to get subsidizing and incredible staff members and volunteers to help the redesigns in innovation. As time advanced, Tenet turned out to be progressively engaged with harmony talk arrangements with Yasser Arafat and the Israeli Prime Minister which many idea was unseemly was a moral concern. At the same time, the CIA kept on having significant knowledge disappointments. Individuals started to address have grave worries with action in regards to war and assaults in different nations. At that point the fear based oppressor assaults in American with the World exchange place s, Pentagon, etc†¦All of an unexpected President Bush gave Tenet a huge number of dollars, assets and expanded forces to bring down our adversaries. As I would like to think Tenet chose to take a secondary lounge like a weakling and take a position of safety. At the point when Bush was squeezing to do battle, he had a chance and a commitment of faithfulness to make some noise but instead down played essential data that could have forestalled that war. To me Tenet fizzled with the moral problem of being straightforward to his partners, field officials, and most essentially the whole country by realizing that the announcements about Saddam Hussein and synthetic weapons were bogus. This choice cost American families more than 4,000 lives. There was a reference in our readings by Stillman that as open chairmen move higher in authoritative progressive system, they should fight with an undeniably serious pull and pull of contending moral commitments, which at long last made George Tenet leave and furthermore the decrease of CIA. Two goals systems he used to deal with these difficulties were to leave the CIA and impacted the administration to rebuild the office all the more successfully and in a superior situation in the legislature. http://fs.huntingdon.edu/jlewis/Syl/PA/306StillmanStudOuts.htm Stillman, R.J. (2010). Open organization: Concepts and cases: 2010 custom version. (ninth ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin †Cengage Learning

Financial Ratios Coursework - 550 Words

Financial Ratios (Coursework Sample) Content: Week Five ExerciseNameInstructorCourse Name and CodeDateQuestion one: Liquidity ratios * Compute the current and quick ratios for each of the three companies. (Round calculations to two decimal places) Which firm is the most liquid? Why?Item Edison Stagg Thornton Cash $6000 $5,000 $4,000 Accounts receivable $2,000 $2,500 $3,000 Short-term investments $3,000 $2,500 $2,000 Inventory $1,000 $2,500 $4,000 Prepaid expenses $800 $8,00 $800 Total Current Assets $12,800 $13,300 $13,800 Item Edison Stagg Thornton Notes Payable: short term $200 $200 $200 Accrued payables $3,100 $3,100 $3,100 Accounts payable $300 $300 $300 Total Current Liabilities $3,600 $3,600 $3,600 Edison Current Ratio $12,600/$3,600 3.50 Quick Ratio ($6,000+$3,000+$2,000)/$3,600 3.06 Thornton Current Ratio $13,800/$3,600 3.83 Quick Ratio ($4,000 + $2,000+$3000)/$3,600 2.50 Stagg Current Ratio $13,300/$3,600 3.69 Quick Ratio ($5,000+$2,500+$2,500)/$3,600 2.78 Comment: Thornton is the most-liquid company bec ause it has the largest inventory, and it can move its inventory quickly.Question Two: Computation and evaluation of activity ratiosAccounts Receivable Turnover Ratio = Net Credit Sales/Average Accounts Receivable= $832,000/[($205,000 + $156,000)/2]= 4.61Inventory Turnover Ratio = Cost of Goods Sold/ Average Inventory= $530,000/[($70,000+$50,000)/2]=8.83Question Three: Profitability ratios, trading on the equity * Compute the profit margin on sales ratio, the return on equity and the return on assets, rounding calculations to two decimal places.Profit margin on Sales Ratio = Net Income/Net Sales= $130,000/$1,750,000=7.43%Profit margin on the return on equity = Net Income/Average common stockholderà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s equity= $130,000/$500,000= 26%Profit margin on the return on assets = Net income/Average Assets= $130,000/$1,200,000= 10.83% * Does the firm have positive or negative financial leverage? Briefly explain.The company has a negative financial leverage because of the $120 ,000 interest rate, which shows that the company has a huge debt. The debt capital ratio is too high. Indeed, it appears that the company is operating mainly with borrowed funds.Question four: Horizontal analysis. * Prepare a horizontal analysis for 20X1 and 20X2. Briefly comment on the results of your work.Mary Lynn Corporation Horizontal Analysis Item Increase/Decrease 20X2 20X1 Amount Percentage Current Assets $86,000 $80,000 86,000-80,000= $6,000 6,000/80000x100= 7.50% Net Property, Plant, and Equipment $99,000 $90,000 99,000-90,000= $9,000 9,000/90,000x100= 10.00% Intangibles $25,000 $50,000 25,000-50,000= -$25,000 25,000/50,000x100= -50.00% Current Liabilities $40,800 $48,000 40,800-48,000= -$7,200 7,200/48,000x100= -15.00% Long-term Liabilities $153,000 $160,000 153,000-160,000= -$7,000 7,000/160,000x100= -4.38% Stockholderà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Equity $16,200 $12,000 16,200-12,000= $4,200 4,200/12,000x100= 35.00% Net Sales $500,000 $500,000 500,000-500,000 0.00% Cost of Goods S old $322,500 $350,000 322,500-350,000= -$27,500 27,500/350,000x100= -7.85% Operating Expenses $93,500 $85,000 93,500-85,000= $8,500 8,500/85,000 x 100= 10.00% Comment: Decrease in long term liabilities show that the company has been repaying its debts. There is no change in net sales, but cost of goods sold has decreased. Furthermore, there is a increases in current assets, and a decrease in current liabilities, showing that the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s working capital has increased.Question five: Vertical AnalysisMary Lynn Corporation Vertical Analysis Item 20X2 20X1 Amount Percentage Amount Percentage Current Assets $86,000 40.95% $80,000 36.36% Net Property, Plant, and Equipment $99,000 47.14% $90,000 40.91% Intangibles $25,000 11.90% $50,000 22.73% Total Assets $210,000 100.00%

Jose Rizal and Martin Luther King Jr. - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 615 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/09/16 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Jose Rizal and Martin Luther King, Jr. Jose Rizal and Martin Luther King, Jr. are both great men known for their dignity and love of country. Through comparison, Jose Rizal was proponent of institutional reforms through his writings, while Martin Luther King, Jr. used his charismatic personality through orations and sermons to cry out the need for change. Both of them used peaceful means instead of violent revolutions to attain their heroic purpose. Through Rizal’s perspective, during the Spanish occupation, the Filipinos started to lose their own identity. They were forced to praise and admire the things that were foreign and incomprehensible. The Filipinos endured this kind of life, but sad to say, they would only be repaid with insults and abuses. They were highly discriminated, they were treated as slaves and puppets, and they were robbed of their human rights. Rizal, who cared so much for his countrymen, did not bear this sight, so wrote his two famous novels, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, even if he knew that this was a sure danger to his life. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Jose Rizal and Martin Luther King Jr." essay for you Create order Like Rizal, King saw the United States as a divided country. Black men are separated from the whites even in the simplest daily activities like eating in a restaurant, drinking from a water fountain, using a washroom, attending school, going to the movies, and rental or purchase of a home. He believed that this segregation would only generate hate and perpetuate a feeling of distrust among the races. King, like Rizal, also loved his country so much, that he bravely stood for his fellow blacks, even if it cost his life. While Rizal tried to awaken the lethargic spirits of the abused Filipinos through his symbolisms in his novels, King voiced out the cries of injustice among the powerless black Americans through his charismatic personality to the population. Rizal sought to defeat injustice, not the people. That is why, he used only his moral means. Similarly, King tried to achieve his goal by touching the hearts of the people. He appealed to the consciences of the white Americans and thus brought political leverage to bear on the federal government. He feared nothing and trusted only God and himself. And all his actions were peaceful and morally upright. Upon Rizal’s martyred death of age 35, it did not cow the spirits of his people, but furthermore propagated the burning desire for freedom. His death was the catalyst that precipitated the Philippine Revolution, which later led to Philippine Independence. King also died at a young age of 39 when he was assassinated. And in the same way, his death did not end the advent for social justice in the United States. But it led to the abolition of legal apartheid in many parts of America. Rizal’s ideologies helped create a new climate of thought which led to the attrition of colonialism and the emergence of new Asiatic nations. This only proved that Rizal’s influence was not limited to the boundaries of his country, but extended to the whole of Asia and even the world. Likewise, King’s influence reached internationally and inspired more and more people to promote equal rights and brotherhood. Both Rizal and King are well known, inspiring men, to all cultures of the world. They were and still are two of the most influential heroes. They both faced many obstacles on their quests like imprisonment and assassination. Despite these obstacles, they became successful leaders and even after their deaths guided their fellowmen in a non-violent and positive direction for the fight to secure rights and equality. These reasons make them worthy enough of the title heroes† – heroes who shaped the world of today.

The Rhetorical Analysis Of Reverend Martin Luther King Jr.

While sitting in a jail cell, Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. uses this time of reflection to write a letter to the 7 white church leaders in the south in rebuttal to their recent criticisms of the Civil Rights Movement. The letter comes after the recent protest in Birmingham, and the criticisms of his work form the Southern leaders. King crafts his argument in a cause and effect style to illustrate the direct problems or criticisms, and refutes these claims with substantial support in favor of his movement. He builds his persuasive argument through ethos and logos, to present the validity of the cause, and then he calls for reflection from the church leaders. While his tone does not stroke any of the leader’s ego, he appeals to their†¦show more content†¦King argues that â€Å"oppressed people cannot remain oppressed forever† and when he addresses his complaints, he is dismissed as an extremist (6-7). By using comprehensive facts to refute the criticisms, logo s builds King’s argument against the church leaders, and advocates for the need for a change in mindset. Although pathos takes the background in this piece, it is due to the disconnect between the church leaders and the black experience. King does not attempt to describe how racism feels because the white men have no idea, or sympathy, towards the people. King knows his audience, and discerns that this type of argument would not be effective. Instead, he uses facts and situations to create an emotional bridge between him and his audience. MLK draws on his own experience when he has â€Å"seen vicious mobs lynch your mothers and fathers at will and drown your sisters and brothers at whim†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (4). The explicit situations of brutality strike a nerve with even the hardest audience, and the emotion proves that the violence is not an overreaction. Another way King uses pathos is through likening his work as well as the injustice of laws to other prominent groups to make the reader predetermined into thinking a certain way about the subject. To discredit the claim that his protests are illegal, he juxtaposes the situation through a forensic argument that â€Å"everything Hitler did in Germany was ‘legal’ and everything the Hungarian freedom fighters did in Hungary wasShow MoreRelatedEssay on Letter from Birmingham Jail Brief Analysis850 Words   |  4 PagesJail’ Rhetorical Analysis Martin Luther King Jr., the leader of the Civil Rights Movement, was arrested and placed in Birmingham jail after leading a non-violent march to protest racism in the streets of Alabama- a highly segregated state at the time. There he received a newspaper containing â€Å"A Call for Unity,† which was written by eight white Alabama clergymen criticizing King and his movement’s methods; this prompted King to write a letter in response to the critics. 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Segregation was the post result of slavery throughout the United States of America which enslaved Africans. He challenged the status quo of the time. Protesting peacefully and advocating for socialRead More Martin Luther King, Jr.: Effective Nonviolence the Multiple Intelligences2987 Words   |  12 PagesMartin Luther King, Jr.: Effective Nonviolence the Multiple Intelligences Introduction Nonviolence can touch men where the law cannot reach them. These words, uttered by the late civil rights leader himself, were the fundamental tenet of Martin Luther King, Jr.s life. These words, though few in number, are great in power. These words, simple, plain, and concise, provide a rubric with which to investigate Martin Luther King, Jr.s creative genius and intelligence. Howard Gardner, eminentRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of President Kennedy s Inaugural Speech2018 Words   |  9 PagesWhat rhetorical features does President Kennedy use to achieve his desired purpose? Introduction Politicians often use language to both persuade and imperceptibly control the opinions/decisions of their audience: whether it is to gain their support, to present their point, or implant their principles. It is of utmost importance to them to do this subtly, in order to not come across as too aggressive, intimidating or manipulative. As a result, the politician has to use language that is relatableRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagessuperior job of presenting the structure of arguments. David M. Adams, California State Polytechnic University These examples work quite well. Their diversity, literacy, ethnic sensitivity, and relevancy should attract readers. Stanley Baronett. Jr., University of Nevada Las Vegas Far too many authors of contemporary texts in informal logic – keeping an eye on the sorts of arguments found in books on formal logic – forget, or underplay, how much of our daily reasoning is concerned not with

Management Procedure SEMCO

Question: Discuss about theManagement Procedurefor SEMCO. Answer: Introduction The development of the business organization is based on the formation of the appropriate measures and operations for the business organization (Benghozi, Krob and Rowe, 2013). The employees and workers of the organizations form the base for the improvement and operations of the business organization. The increase in number of managerial issues has resulted in yielding many issues at workplace such as conflict, labor unrest, and growth of dissatisfaction. However, the use of appropriate tools and strategies would help in dealing with the effect of these negative issues. The following report has been made for understanding the role and concept of the growing ICT business organization. The case study selected for the analysis is of SEMCO and the decisions taken by Richard Semler. The following report highlights and evaluate the decisions of Semler for the organization of SEMCO. The managerial decisions, strategies behind it, and their impact would be analyzed in the following sections. The evaluation of the changes and the factors of risks would be examined from the provided case study of the SEMCO. Overview of Case Study of SEMCO The case study has highlighted the various decisions and operations of the SEMCO Company. SEMCO is a Brazil company that had expertized in manufacturing industrial machines and among them machine pumps holds the most prior position. The company was founded by Antonio Selmer in the year 1950s and since then hierarchical system of management was followed. The company was autonomous and the rules and regulations set by the governing authority controlled the operations and people of SEMCO. Due to the issue of recession, Antonios son Richard Selmer implemented some transformations and development strategies for dealing with the issues and problems that rose in that situation. He drew some basic changes and modified the management system to go through the poor performance of the company. Justification of the Universal Application of Transformational Plan The transformational plan at SEMCO was established for developing some strategies that would help in modifying the processes of the company along with policies, processes, and procedures (Delak and Bajec, 2013). The main benefit of the organization for implementing the transformational plan was to deal with the decreasing performance in production and dealing with the recession issue. However, the transformational plan can be universally accepted and implemented for the various organizations to increase their performance and form better acceptance. The main benefits that the transformational plan could bring to the business organizations are explained in the following points. Growth of business organization: The business organizations have to evolve with the passage of time for forming better solutions and services (Engelmann and Pessoa, 2014). The transformational operations would be helpful for forming the scope for the development of the business organization. The business organizations have been following the use of transactional planning and management for their operations. However, the modern operations and situation have resulted in forming the faster operations the deployment of transactional planning with the ICT technologies would help in stimulating the growth of the business organizations by providing them with faster and better system symbolic operations and processes. Solution to potential issues: The transformational planning helps in dealing with the immediate issues and their impact on the business organization (Gonzlez-Bailn, 2014). The formation of the transformational planning would help in dealing with the issues of the business organizations. The issues include uneven performance, lack of superior quality of output, and economic issues. The issues can be dealt by employing a systematic development and formation of the transformational planning at the organization. The solution of the issues would be helpful for the formation of the quick solution and system development. Retention of employees quality: The transformational plan is useful for retaining the issues of the employees (Gulati, Mayo and Nohria, 2014). The employees are the main source of the functional operations in the business organization. Hence, it is important for dealing with the issues of the degrading quality of the business organization. The role and involvement of the employees can be improved by forming a systematic development of the transformational plan. The planning process is most suitable for the implementation of the employees performance improvement by providing them with suitable perks and profits for the amount of work they do. Motivation to the employees: The adjustment of the business management had helped in forming the growing motivation among the employees. The shift of operational control from the central authority to the employees would encourage them for the operations of the business organization. The use of the employees motivation plays a crucial role for the development of the operations and formation of the improved solutions at the organization. Explanation of Main Changes for Motivation at SEMCO SEMCO was facing the issue of recession when Selmer introduced the transformational planning in the organization. The strategies were formed for developing the business organization and formation of the effective operations to motivate the employees within the organization. The situational demand resulted in implementation of self managed teams, reward structure, and profit sharing. Selmer has implemented these strategies for managing the operations of SEMCO and motivating the employees to perform better. The explanation of the above stated strategies is provided below: Self managed teams: Selmer abolished the hierarchical control of the team and implemented the self managed team for motivating the teams. The self managed teams were responsible for all the operations of the organization. The strategy supported the consideration of an individual team and their operations were not controlled by Selmer. The team would perform and self manage the operations allocated to them. It would form the most suitable solution for the underperforming teams to perform better and improve their functions (Hamad, 2015). The self governing team members would perform best in absence of the pressure from governing authority. The self managed teams would be highly motivated considering that they would be recognized for their good commencing and completion of the operations allocated to them. Reward structure for employees: The use of reward structure at Selmer highly motivated the employees for performing better. Individual recognition and formation of the reward structure would form the most suitable solution for the motivation of the employees (Harrison, 2017). The use of tangible goods and appraisals for the recognition of good work performed by the employees would help in motivating the employees. It has been seen that due to the absence of recognition and appraisals in an organization, many employees performing well leave the organization due to lack of motivation factors. The implementation of the reward structure would end in formation of strong motivation reasons in the organization. The recognition of the employees would help in formation of increased motivation among the employees in the organization. Profit Sharing with the working divisions: The sharing of the profit was the most compensating strategies of the transactional planning. The use of the profit sharing strategies would help in motivating the employees and workers (Hoption, 2015). A fixed 25% of the total profit was shared with the division of work in the organization. An elected committee would be held responsible for distribution of the profits with the employees and workers. The profit sharing with the employees would help in motivating the employees for performing better. The employees and workers would perform better in scope for getting a share in the profit distributed. It would help in increasing the overall involvement of the employees for the operations of the SEMCO Organization. Flaws and Tension of SEMCOs Organizational Structure The organizational structure of SEMCO followed the structure of hierarchical management and operational control (Lee, 2013). The governing body was responsible for all the operations of the organization and he would have to manage and take care of individual operations. It resulted in formation of the basic issues of operations in SEMCO. The chain reaction for operations included the reporting of proposal of individual operation to successive senior and then to manger. The manager would have to report it to the vice presidents and the vice president would have to report it to the president. The flaws of hierarchical structure in SEMCO were resistant to deal with recession, inflexibility of operations, slower operations, and employee dissatisfactions. The flaws and tension of the SEMCO has been explained below: Resistant to recession issue: The recession had a major impact on the operations of SEMCO and their economic conditions. The hierarchical management system had made the operations of the SEMCO resistive to the development and progress. The hierarchical management system had a stiff structure and it follows top-down structure for decision making process (Parker, 2013). The use of hierarchical system would lead to improper response to the competitive threats of the business organization. The deployment of such hierarchical management system in the organizations has resulted in the creation of discomfort among employees to accept any changes processed by the management. Inflexibility of operations: The hierarchical management system in SEMCO had the prior operation system to vague for the operations of business organization. The employees would have to seek permission from their head and the head would have to seek permission from managers (Phoocharoon, 2013). The scale of operations was notched down for completions of operations in the allocated time. It resulted in limiting the aspects of the organization operations and forming a rigid structure for the operations. The inflexibility of the operations had resulted in forming the issue of not accepting and adapting the latest technology and innovation in the operations of the organizations. Slower operations: SEMCO had to face the issue of slower operations and sluggish functionality due to the structure of hierarchical management system. Hierarchical management system involved the process of single authority at the SEMCO. The stiff structure and top-down structure for decision making process would require the decisions taken by the president to be channeled one by one step to subordinates (Volberda, Van Den Bosch and Heij, 2013). It would take considerable time for deploying the system operations. Overall, the processing is very slow and it results in taking longer time for completing any operation. Employee Dissatisfaction: The growth of employees dissatisfaction has been resulted due to the following of the hierarchical operations in the SEMCO. The dissatisfaction have been eventually resulted because lack of recognition for their work done and performance (Stoichev, 2014). The hierarchical structure did not give importance to the employees and workers. Risk Factors for the Transformational Planning at SEMCO The risk factors at SEMCO for implementing transformational planning include the non acceptance of transformational planning management by the existing managers, misuse of influence, and no leadership involvement. The impact of risk factors had resulted in forming issues of the individual leaving the company and issues of non applicant of the transformational planning. These factors have been explained below: Non acceptance of system: The transformational planning would not be easily accepted by the managers (Scarborough, 2014). The shift of power of operations from managers to the employees would result in discomfort among the managers. The non acceptance of the transformational planning has resulted in forming a disagreement of power division for the managerial decisions. It has resulted in forming the issue of the non agreement and many managers have left the SEMCO. The non acceptance of the system would lead to the issue of flaws in implementing the system and acute inhospitality among the managers and heads. Misuse of influence: The most significant issue of the transformational planning management in SEMCO could be misuse of influence. The problem arises when there is lack of role models in the organization for completion of any operation (Seethamraju, 2012). The absence of leaders and role models could result in forming chaos for managing the operations and maintaining the working culture of the organization. No leadership involvement: The absence of involvement of the leadership would result on distracting the employees to work sincerely. It can be possible that the employees would face the issue of the not being able to deal with any issue. Selmer would not have to dent the issue of the flaws in the organization operations. However, the implementation of the transformational planning and management at SEMCO has overcome the issues and made the development of the system more effective. Conclusion The report had been made for understanding the role and concept of the growing ICT business organization and implementation of the transformational plan by considering the case study of SEMCO. The transformational process includes modifying the policies, processes, and procedures. It can be stated that the main benefits of the transformational planning and management in SEMCO was growth of business organization, solution to potential issues, retention of employees quality, and motivation to the employees. The strategies were formed to motivate the employees within the organization. The self managed teams, reward structure for employees, and profit sharing with the working divisions were the main transformational change strategies that were implied in the organization of SEMCO. The issues of the company included the resistant to recession issue, inflexibility of operations, slower operations, and employee dissatisfaction. The various risk factors include the non acceptance of system, misuse of influence, and no leadership involvement. However, the conclusion of the report has provided the successful implementation of the transformational management and planning. It can be concluded from the report that the transformational management plays a very crucial role for the development of the present business organizations. The business organizations can use the development of transactional planning and information system for improving the operations and functions of the organizations. References Benghozi, P., Krob, D. and Rowe, F., 2013.Digital enterprise design and management 2013. 1st ed. Berlin: Springer. Delak, B. and Bajec, M., 2013. Framework for the Delivery of Information System Due Diligence.Information Systems Management, 30(2), pp.137-149. Engelmann, J. and Pessoa, L., 2014. Motivation sharpens exogenous spatial attention.Motivation Science, 1(S), pp.64-72. Gonzlez-Bailn, S., 2014. Networked. The new social operating system.Information, Communication Society, 18(12), pp.1428-1429. Gulati, R., Mayo, A. and Nohria, N., 2014.Management. 1st ed. Mason, OH: South-Western Pub. Hamad, H., 2015. Transformational Leadership Theory: Why Military Leaders are More Charismatic and Transformational?.International Journal on Leadership, 3(1). Harrison, R., 2017. Leadership, leadership development and all that jazz.Leadership, 13(1), pp.81-99. Hoption, C., 2015. It does not add up: Comparing episodic and general leadership ratings.Leadership. Lee, C., 2013. Road Tracking based on Prior Information in Video Sequences.Journal of the Korea Industrial Information System Society, 18(2), pp.19-25. Parker, S., 2013. Information-based rights, corruption and more.Information Development, 29(2), pp.99-100. Phoocharoon, P., 2013. Embedding from Inside: Transformational Teacher on Promoting Transformational Leadership Behavior through Innovative-Driven Action Learning.International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology. Scarborough, N., 2014.Essentials of entrepreneurship and small business management. 1st ed. Boston: Pearson. Seethamraju, R., 2012. Business process management: a missing link in business education.Business Process Management Journal, 18(3), pp.532-547. Stoichev, K., 2014. The Role of Business Continuity Management in the Business Management System.Science Journal of Business and Management, 2(3), p.97. Volberda, H., Van Den Bosch, F. and Heij, C., 2013. Management Innovation: Management as Fertile Ground for Innovation.European Management Review, 10(1), pp.1-15.

Sewmex Case Study free essay sample

As a start the president would like for you, in your capacity as assistant controller, to develop a cost-volume-profit (CVP) model for the SEWMEX facility, which model could be used to address a number of short-term profit-planning issues. In particular, the president would like to get a better handle on exactly what volume of output would be needed to make SEWMEX profitable in the short run (given the present mix of garments produced) and what strategies might be pursued longer term to improve operations and therefore profitability. The president also wonders how, if at all, the issue of foreign exchange rates might complicate the profit-planning process. Therefore, he has charged you with the responsibility of developing the CVP model for SEWMEX, while he looks for a new controller. As someone interested in making a positive impression on the president, you are eager to accept this assignment. The following will be included in the analysis: * Efficiency Related Issues * Summary Report of all Observations and Analysis * Foreign Exchange Rate * Foreign Exchange Risk 5. We will write a custom essay sample on Sewmex Case Study or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Efficiency-Related Issues a. Based on the data provided in the case (e. g. , Table 2), what is the approximate level of planned plant efficiency (i. e. , total SAM output planned per month, relative to total minutes of all assembly labor in the SEWMEX plant)? Product Line| Average SAM per Unit of Product (in minutes)| Monthly Planned Production Level(in minutes [SAMs])| Pants| 50| 1,200,000| Shirts| 40| 1,000,000| Jackets| 90| 200,000| Other| 20| 100,000| TOTAL| | 2,500,000 | The potential output of the plant is shown in the following equation: 500 minutes X 400 operators x 20 days=4,000,000 SAMs The planned production output for the plant is 2,500,000 SAMs, thus the efficiency of the plant at this output is shown below: 2,500,000 4,000,000=. 625 x 100=62. 5% In the context of the SEWMEX, â€Å"efficiency† can be interpreted as the number of SAMs (output) produced per month expressed as a percentage of the total time worked. Thus, increased efficiency would be reflected by output per month (measured in SAMs) greater than the total SAMs reflected in Table 2. b. Based on the current production/sales mix, what overall (or average) efficiency level at SEWMEX is required to breakeven on a monthly basis? Breakeven SAMs = 1,928,555 per month Therefore, the efficiency at breakeven point is: 1,928,5554,000,000= . 48214 x 100=48. 214% c. Prepare a table indicating the monthly pre-tax income, ? B, that would result from changes in plant efficiency (as defined above in (a)) over the range 50% efficiency to 100% efficiency, in increments of 10%. Assume for purposes of this question that demand changes are the cause of monthly production changes and that SEW will continue to purchase all of SEWMEX’s output. Assume, too, that the total number of assembly workers at the SEWMEX plant is unchanged.

The potential of stem cells for myelin repair in the central nervous system The WritePass Journal

The potential of stem cells for myelin repair in the central nervous system Introduction The potential of stem cells for myelin repair in the central nervous system IntroductionThe policy and its objectivesPolicy evolutionPolicy ProcessImplementationPolicy EvaluationImpact of this policyConclusionReferencesRelated Introduction The policy and its objectives From 1st July 2007 all public places and workplaces in England have been smoke-free. The smoking ban was introduced in Wales on the 2nd April 2007 and in Scotland in March 2006. The legislation aims to protect employees in all workplaces from the ill-health associated with smoking and to encourage people to give up smoking. In October 2007, the legal age for buying tobacco was raised from 16-18.   NHS Stop Smoking Services have seen unprecedented levels of demand since the introduction of smoke free legislation. On 16 November 2004 a Public Health white paper proposed a smoking ban in almost all public places in England. Smoking restrictions would be phased in, with a ban on smoking in NHS and government buildings by 2006, in enclosed public places by 2007, and pubs, bars and restaurants (except pubs not serving food) by the end of 2008. Under the legislation, it is the duty of any person who controls/manager of smoke-free premises to stop people smoking there and if they fail to comply with this duty, they are committing an offence. Employers need to have and maintain a Smoke-free Policy outlining the restrictions on smoking and how non-observance will be dealt with. The ‘Smoke-free’ Policy prohibits smoking in all enclosed and substantially enclosed areas in the workplace, including company vehicles. Members of staff are only permitted to smoke whilst off duty, in official break times only, and in unenclosed designated areas. The policy applies to all visitors, customers and other people who enter the workplace. The policy on passive smoking has been genuinely concerned only with a reduction in smoking in public places; other issues about the formulation of policy in this area are raised, in addition to any concern that the ban on smoking may represent a disproportionate policy response. One of these issues is whether decision-making in this area has given sufficient attention to alternative policy responses, as required by the Treasury guidelines. The Confederation of British Industry   have strongly argued that voluntary smoking bans are already in place in many areas and that business saw the legislation as further evidence of unnecessary intervention by government. The Smoke-Free Policy Objectives are to save lives over the next decade by reducing exposure to hazardous second hand smoke. The policy also aims to protect and improve the health of staff, patients / clients, visitors and contractors by countering the health risks caused by tobacco smoke. Assist both patients and staff who wish to stop smoking by ensuring smoking cessation support is widely available to staff, patients and clients; set an example of best practice; reduce the risks to health from exposure to second-hand smoke; recognise a person’s right to be protected from harm and to enjoy smoke-free air; and increase the benefits of smoke-free enclosed public places and workplaces for people trying to give up smoking so that they can succeed in an environment where social pressures to smoke are reduced. Whether the policy will directly reduce the incidence of smoking and smoking-related diseases remains to be seen. It has proved that the banning smoking in public places, th e policy has been highly effective. She stressed there would be public consultation on how to protect staff in pubs where smoking will still be allowed possibly giving a second chance for her plan to restrict smoking in exempted pubs to sealed smoking rooms. The Health Bill also includes measures to tackle MRSA, new rules on managing controlled drugs, proposals to pave the way for reform of pharmacies, including new roles for pharmacy staff. The main objective of this policy is to ban smoking in public places in order to reduce the incidence of passive smoking and protect childrens and adults overall health. Groups that are affected by the ban are smokers, owners of pubs and restaurants and also cafes, the general public are also affected. The main aspects of the Health bill is the legislation of the ban of smoking in workplaces and also the new hygiene code of conduct that has been introduced for health providers to help reduce hospital infections and also a shipman safeguard which means their will now be a tighter management of controlled drugs after inquiry into the GPS murders. And finally the last main aspect of the Health bill is a reform to the way chemists work. When proposed in 2007 it was outlined that three years after the smoking ban was put in place the bill would be reviewed. However, after the 2010 General Election the Conservative Party and the Liberal Democrats which entered the Coalition Government announced that it would no longer be reviewing the smoke free legislation on the 30th June 2010.   However, an attempt in October 2010 by Conservative MP David Nuttall to amend the law to exempt private members clubs and pubs from the smoking ban was defeated in the House of Commons on its first reading. Policy evolution The House of Lords commented saying that the ban on smoking in pubs was an over reaction to the threat posed by passive smoking and was the MPs failure to understand the concept of risk. The Lords Economic Affairs Committee cited the smoking ban as an example of policy based on bad science and that it had been sold to the public as necessary because of the dangers of passive smoking. However the Committee members later questioned whether the Government had a scientific basis for the claim after Caroline Flint, the Health Minister, told the committee: â€Å"In relation to deaths from smoking and second-hand smoke, the most serious aspect is smoking in the home. Ninety-five per cent of deaths are related to smoking in the home.† With the main risk of passive smoking was with the concern of children who were exposed to second hand smoke in the home and the bill was not originally designed to address this issue. Tobacco control policy in England during the years of 1998-2009 was largely guided by the 1998 white paper Smoking Kills and the public Health white paper Choosing Health published in November 2004. In 2004 the Department of Health set targets to reduce smoking prevalence in the population with aiming to reduce smoking rates to 21% or less by 2010. Policy Process After opposition and debates within the cabinet on the 26th October 2005 the government published that it would continue with the plan of the smoking ban. However, there was still wide criticism with many MPS threatening to overturn the bill. One year later, on the 11th January the government announced that MPs would gain a free vote on an amendment to the Health bill. On the 14th February 2006 the House of Common voted on the amendment to the original plan and wanted to extend the ban so that all enclosed public places, including private members clubs would also be smoke free. MPS went on to vote whether all enclosed public places. This amendment gained significant support and the legislation was passed by the House of Lords. Many campaigners said that the partial ban in 2005 did not go far enough and said that it would still leave workers in private members clubs and pubs not serving food at risk of second hand smoke. In August 2003, Pizza Hut announced that all 500 of its branches would become non-smoking and in January 2005, the JD Wetherspoons pub chain announced it would be following. Critics of the ban questioned the claim that passive smoking increases the risk of lung cancer, and organisations representing the tobacco industry and smokers also argued that ventilators could be used to remove smoke from bars and pubs, negating the need for a ban. However, the medical profession claimed that ventilators do not protect the public from the risk of lung cancer. Eventually the support for a smoking ban was outweighed by the opposition and the government was forced to allow a free vote in parliament where MPs had the chance to back a complete ban on smoking in public places. By February 2006, the House of Commons voted by majority of 200 to introduce a blanket ban on smoking in England and Wales from summer 2007.   A ban on smoking in all NHS and government buildings was introduced in January that year. The government later went on to decide and announced that a rise in the age at which people could buy cigarettes went from 16 to 18 from October 2007. The Government also went on to print pictures of cancer on cigarette packets for another way to put off smokers. It had been argued that it was the opinion of the businesss owners rights to decide what happens in his or hers property and because a person can purchase cigarettes legally a personal should be able to smoke where smoking is allowed. However health officials and individuals such as Lance Armstrong say with a state-wide smoking ban lung cancer and other health problems can be reduced. A group called Freedom to choose launched a campaign for a judicial review of the smoking ban.   The freedom to choose campaigners claimed that the smoking ban was in breach of the Human Rights Act 1998 because it doesn’t give the right to privacy of people who wish to smoke in clubs and bars. After 24 hours after the committees report of the harm of smoking, new evidence was brought forward stating that passive smoking can cause a common type of blindness in older people. To add to ministers discomfort, just 24 hours after the committees report, new evidence emerged that passive smoking can cause a common type of blindness in older people. Cambridge researchers reported in the British Journal of Ophthalmology that living with a smoker for five years doubled the risk of age related macular degeneration and regular smoking tripled it (2006;90: 75–80). One change which is based on an overall national health policy statement is that the smoking ban legislation forms part of the Health Act 2006. 101 MPs including 69 Labour backbenchers signed a motion for a free vote. Critics and health experts argued that plans to exempt private clubs and non-fast food pubs from the ban were bad for health and would prove unworkable. However, Mrs Hewitt   who is favour of a full ban on smoking in all enclosed public spaces defended the ban and said that Many of us would have liked to have gone further and faster and stressed that even with exemptions 99% of workplaces would be smoke-free. Implementation It was agreed that 3 years after the ban was put in place a review would be conducted, however in 2010, 3 years after it was put in place the government dropped the planned review of the smoking ban in England. Labour had promised that the ban would be looked at again in the autumn of 2010 however this never happened. The smoke free policy can be implemented in a range of settings such as schools, workplaces and to facilitate implementation of the policy businesses should prepare workplaces by displaying smoke-free signs and by removing ashtrays and butt bins. The government assumed success for the policy and the enforcement officers from local authorities work closely with businesses to ensure compliance with the ban. The ban means that it is an offence to smoke in smoke free premises or vehicles and a failure to do so carry a fixed fine of  £50.   Failure for those who control smoke free places to make sure others to smoke in these places carries a fine of up to  £ 2,500 and with failing to display no smoking signs carries a fixed fine of  £200. It was rumoured that implementing the smoking ban in England cost taxpayers, restaurant and pub property owners at least  £100 million more than the Government originally budgeted. The Department of Health estimated that the bill for the ban that comes into force in 2007 time would run to  £1.6 billion. It was also estimated that the implementation costs for workplaces would be minimal. However The British Beer and Pub Association say that its members spent at least  £70 million on converting premises According to the Mental Health Foundation 85% of respondents to a survey that was conducted said that the ban had been implemented wholly effectively and this may be due to the rise in secret smoking and also with occasions where staff feel obliged to turn   a blind eye especially when a patient is very unwell . The governments main aim was to try and get people to stop smoking so to help this they set up specialist stop smoking services widely available across the country. An example of this is a trust wide smoke free group which co-ordinated a stepped up approach towards the implementation of the smoke free society. The Government allocated funding to support implementation of the smoke free legislation for the financial years 2006-07 and 2007-08. The Department of Health distributed  £29.5 million to support first-tier local authorities in England to undertake new work associated with the introduction of smoke free legislation on 1 July 2007. Policy Evaluation Compliance with the ban will be monitored by enforcement officers employed by the local authorities. It will of course take many years to assess whether the ban has led to a reduction in the number of smokers, and/or improved health outcomes. Given the number of confounding influences, it may never be possible to assess the effectiveness of the plan in these regards. Two weeks after the ban was introduced, 97% of inspected premises and there had been nearly 90,000 inspections  were complying with the ban. That is to say that 97% of premises where prohibiting smoking (98% of smoke free vehicles), although at that point in time, only 79% of premises were displaying the required no-smoking signage  at the entrance to buildings  (84% of smoke free vehicles). In total, local councils had issued on 142 written warnings (0.2% of the total)  to premises that had failed to prevent smoking, adopting a  light touch rather than draconian  measures at this early stage in the policys life. In terms of banning smoking in public places, the policy seems to be highly effective. Whether the policy will directly reduce the incidence of smoking and smoking-related diseases, remains to be seen. Impact of this policy In 1965 British government bans cigarette advertising on television.   In 1971 Government health warnings to be carried on all cigarette packets sold in the UK. In 1984 Smoking banned on London Underground trains. In 1987 the London Underground smoking ban extended to entire network following the Kings Cross station fire, in which 31 people died. In May 1997 New Labour government pledges to ban tobacco advertising. In March 2001 New EU directive requires larger, more prominent health warnings on tobacco packaging. In March 2002 British parliament passes legislation that began as a Private Members Bill, banning tobacco advertising. Deadline for phasing out sponsorship of Formula One motor racing brought forward to comply with EU directive.   In December 2002 British Medical Association calls for a ban in smoking in public places because of the threat to non-smokers. In January 2004 British Heart Foundation uses graphic images to reinforce its government-sponsored anti-smoking campaign. In November 2004 A Public Health White Paper proposes introducing a smoking ban in workplaces by 2008, with pubs which do not serve food and private members clubs exempted. The legislation would apply to England and Wales, but the Welsh Assembly has said it would amend the bill to create a comprehensive ban when it gains Royal Assent in England. In April 2005 MSPs voted by 83 to 15 to introduce a ban on smoking in public places from April the following year. Smokers who defy the ban are liable to pay a  £1,000 fine. In October 2006 Northern Ireland agrees a smoking ban in all workplaces and public spaces from April 2007 as discussions over the England smoking ban break down at cabinet level, causing the smoking ban bill to be delayed and leading to doubts over how a ban will be introduced. In December 2006 the government announces England will get a smoking ban from 1st July2007. Conclusion In conclusion the policy does seem to be meeting its short-term objective. The policy enjoys a high level of public support, and therefore, in this instance, the Government does seem to be enacting a policy that the people want. References http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20100407191046/opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts2006/pdf/ukpga_20060028_en.pdf Newspapers: ALEX MARKHAM. (2006). England smoke ban: Reactions . Available: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/6198214.stm. Last accessed 13th April 2011 BBC news. (2004). Smoking ban proposed for England . Available: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4014597.stm. Last accessed 12th April 2011 BBC NEWS. (2005). Smoke ban bill details released . Available: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4375478.stm. Last accessed 3rd April 2011. BBC NEWS. (2005). Hewitt defends smoking ban plans . Available: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/4380978.stm. Last accessed 1st April 2011. BBC NEWS. (2006). England smoke ban to start 1 July. Available: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/6196910.stm. Last accessed 12th April 2011. BBC NEWS. (2007). Timeline: Smoking and disease . Available: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4377928.stm. Last accessed 1st April 2011. BBC NEWS. (2009). Smoking bans cut heart attacks . Available: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8267523.stm. Last accessed 12th April 2011. BBC NEWS. (2010). No plans for smoking ban review. Available: bbc.co.uk/news/10478753. Last accessed 7th April 2011. Clare Allan. (2009). Hard-line smoking ban just isnt fit for purpose. Available: guardian.co.uk/society/2009/jul/01/smoking-ban-psychiatric-units. Last accessed 1st April 2011. Colin Brown. (2005). Blair backs down on smoking ban to end feud. Available: independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/blair-backs-down-on-smoking-ban-to-end-feud-512714.html. Last accessed 1st April 2011. Harry Wallop. (2007). Smoking ban costs will be  £100m over budget. Available: telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1553379/Smoking-ban-costs-will-be-100m-over-budget.html. Last accessed 13th April Journals- Sam Coates. (2006). Smoking ban is based on bad science. Available: webcitation.org/5tkNlefMT. Last accessed 13th April 2011 The Gallup Organisation. (2009). Survey on Tobacco. Available: http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_determinants/life_style/Tobacco/Documents/eb_253_en.pdf Michelle sims et al. (2010). Short term impact of smoke-free legislation in England: retrospective analysis of hospital admissions for myocardial infarction. Available: bmj.com/content/340/bmj.c2161. Last accessed 13th April 2011 publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200506/cmselect/cmhealth/485/48506.htm http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20100407191046/opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts2006/pdf/ukpga_20060028_en.pdf publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200506/cmbills/069/2006069.pdf legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/28/contents pcs.org.uk/en/resources/health_and_safety/hazardsatoz/smoking.cfm

The Aims of the Arts and Crafts Movement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The Aims of the Arts and Crafts Movement - Essay Example Because of the name and the overall focus of the movement, it might at first be imagined that this artistic vision could only barely touch the architectural styles of the day; however, the Arts and Crafts movement had a profound effect upon the architecture of the latter 1800s. One of its primary aims was to â€Å"render all branches of art the sphere no longer of the tradesman but of the artist. It would restore building, decoration, glass painting, pottery, woodcarving and metal to their right place beside painting and sculpture.† Working within the rather loose boundaries of the Arts and Crafts, Voysey, Baillie Scott and their contemporaries began developing new means of approaching design that hadn’t been considered previously, generating three results that almost immediately impacted the architecture of the time. â€Å"First, and the most obvious, the Arts and Crafts emphasized the artistic potential of everyday objects. Second, vastly higher standards of craftsma nship were applied to these objects, and the ideal of craftsmanship was realized much more widely than had been possible before. †¦ Third, new stress was given to the importance of function in the creation of forms.† Morris’ ideas in promoting this movement included an architectural independence from imposed style in favour of a naturally growing concept. This natural concept emerged from consideration of the surroundings and the needs of the average person. The idea was to keep the form simple and to incorporate and preserve .

Research critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Research critique - Essay Example ect relevance to meal in Nursing Homes, as it discusses meals in an hospital settings; unlike a similar study on nursing homes meals carried out by Goodman et al (2005) where out of the 34 literatures reviewed only one (the oldest) was dated 1989, all others were literatures published between 1998 and 2004. On the light side however, the literature review was satisfactorily comprehensive, taking into account the different perspectives involved in the research problem. Also, an in depth exploration of the impact of meals and meal services in relation to the wellbeing - health and emotional, of the residents was done, shedding more light, in the process, on meals services as it affects the proper running of a nursing home. The literature review also attempted an overview of the role of nursing homes on the aged population of the society, highlighting the increasing PS. The research study was completed in 2000 and submitted for publication in 2002. I had to remove (2) completely, since it is thus, no longer correct. Also, since we need not compare between Nursing Home types for this critique, I believe sentence (3) too should be removed. Afterall, the paragraph still makes sense (and is complete) without the sentence. I hope you are Ok with these

Fatigue Essay Example for Free

Fatigue Essay This is a summary of Jane Brodys article, Fatigue. Fatigue is one of peoples most common complaints. Even though there is new technology that saves people from doing everything by hand people still complain about being tired. Brody stated that physicians reported people who tend to keep themselves busy with work tend to not be as fatigued. Tiredness mainly comes from not doing much rather than wearing yourself down. Overall, there are diverse reasons for people being tired. Being physically active seems to be the cure for fatigue. There are three kinds of fatigue. One is physical fatigue the second type is pathological fatigue and the third is psychological fatigue. These all have causes and cures for fatigue. Physical fatigue is caused by over working ones body. Another cause can be carbon dioxide and lactic acid that collects in the body which weakens the muscles. This prevents them from functioning effectively. Physicians recommend that rest is way to cure physical fatigue. Another type of fatigue is pathological fatigue. Pathological fatigue is a warning sign of a cold or disease such as cancer. After being ill or over worked one must give their body time to fully recover. A physical check-up is highly recommended to check if something is wrong with one self. Many times the cause for fatigue can be undetected or over looked. The third type of fatigue is psychological fatigue. Emotional problems like depression and anxiety are the cause of prolonged fatigue. Prolonged fatigue can cause ones denial of depression and the cause of it. Mainly when feelings arent expressed openly, the outcome is normally fatigue. One common fatigue syndrome is the Tired Housewife Syndrome in which young mothers stay home all day and have nothing to look forward to. The mothers soon develop resentment and envy towards their husband. The cure for this fatigue is professional counseling.

Why I Have No Hero Essay -- essays research papers

Why I Have No Hero   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What is a hero? Does one have to have superpowers, special abilities or incredible talent to be considered one? Well, some of us seem to think so. Then there is the everyday teacher or local figure that is considered a hero to selected individuals in their community. To me a hero has to have a few selected qualities, and I haven't met anyone who can fulfill all three.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First, a hero must be good at heart. A hero has to know how to give and take accordingly. When he/she is needed to make a great sacrifice to help the community, their closest friends, or even their greatest enemies, they need to know that it is okay to make that sacrifice and know they did the right thing. That person also needs to go out and make a difference in their community and not need any more motivation than the good feeling they feel when they've made a positive impact on the few people they met with and helped. A person that is to be considered a hero must be naturally good and work for good and be there when they are needed most. They should not have to feel guilty about the negative effects of something they have done if the good it causes out weighs the bad.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Honesty is a good trait to have if you want to be a hero. A hero needs to be honest with the public so that he/she will get the public's support to retain that hero status among them, and possibly gain that stat...

Risks and Loyalties

As Markham was summoned into the conference room to begin his presentation to the board of the state pension fund, he was wrestling with whether or not to raise the liability issue. He knew there were risks either way. There was the risk that his client would choose to take their business elsewhere if he told them what he believed to be the fund’s financial reality. Furthermore, such a move would not only result in lost business, but would likely be interpreted as disloyalty towards his firm. But then he thought about what didn’t happen during the 2008 financial crisis, and this reality gnawed at him: When the subprime crisis played out everybody was asking why, even though there were all these people that had a role in making it happen, no one spoke up? And so does somebody who is playing a bit part in creating a reprise of the last crisis have a responsibility to speak up on behalf of the pensioners themselves even though this is contrary to the wishes of their employer and the board of trustees who has hired their employer to provide investment advice? We all commonly find ourselves in a position where we have to tell someone something they don’t want to hear. We face this kind of communication dilemmas all the time; at home, with friends and at workplace. The range can fall between just telling a friend about his look to the case with Harry Makham, who was facing the problem of telling the board of directors about the wrong liability numbers. There are usually 2 ways of responding to this kind of dilemmas, either â€Å"saying it just right† and falling into the category of confident communicator, or failing to inform and falling into the category of unethical cheater. There are at least 5 different approaches for overcoming ethical issues concerning communication dilemma: * The Utilitarian Approach – action that provides the most good or the least harm for all who are affected-customers, employees, shareholders, the community and the environment. * The Rights Approach- action that best protects and respects the moral rights of those affected * The Justice Approach- ethical actions that treat all human beings equally, or if unequally, then fairy based on some standard that is defensible. but there is a debate over CEO salaries that are hundreds of times larger than the pay of others) * The Common Good Approach- actions that lead to the welfare of everyone in community. * The Virtue Approach – actions that are consistent with certain ideal virtues and are consistent with your own values. Regarding the issue of telling clients things they don’t want to hear the Utilitarian Approach may be more useful, and certain factors should b e taken into consideration: * harm to the clients * harm to the firm * harm to the public * harm to environment * harm to yourself (your ethical views)

What Is The Definition Of Inventory - 902 Words

CE9-1 A) What is the definition of inventory? â€Å"The aggregate of those items of tangible personal property that have any of the following characteristics: †¢ a. Held for sale in the ordinary course of business †¢ b. In process of production for such sale †¢ c. To be currently consumed in the production of goods or services to be available for sale. The term inventory embraces goods awaiting sale (the merchandise of a trading concern and the finished goods of a manufacturer), goods in the course of production (work in process), and goods to be consumed directly or indirectly in production (raw materials and supplies). This definition of inventories excludes long-term assets subject to depreciation accounting, or goods which, when put into use, will be so classified. The fact that a depreciable asset is retired from regular use and held for sale does not indicate that the item should be classified as part of the inventory. Raw materials and supplies purchased for production may be used or consumed for the construction of long-term assets or other purposes not related to production, but the fact that inventory items representing a small portion of the total may not be absorbed ultimately in the production process does not require separate classification. By trade practice, operating materials and supplies of certain types of entit ies such as oil producers are usually treated as inventory.† B) What is the definition of market as it relates to inventory? â€Å"As used in the phraseShow MoreRelatedEssay about Accounting Project: Current Ratio883 Words   |  4 Pagescompute the industry average, please do so. What is the name of the business you are reporting on?Hershey Company | A popular analysis technique is a trend analysis (also known as Horizontal Analysis), in which you analyze the change over time of specific financial data. This is shown on page 694 of your textbook. 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